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--- sambucus_nigra_l._subsp._canadensis_l._bolli [2015/02/15 15:28] – angelegt andreas
+++ sambucus_nigra_l._subsp._canadensis_l._bolli [2025/10/20 12:43] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 4: / Zeile 4: @@
 Deciduous shrub or small tree, up to 3m high, native to eastern North America.
-"Uses for the fruit include medicinal products, wine, jelly and dye. Leaves and inner bark can be used as an insecticide and a dye." \\
+"Uses for the fruit include medicinal products, wine, jelly and dye. Leaves and inner bark can be used as an insecticide and a dye." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambucus_canadensis|wikipedia]]
-[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambucus_canadensis]]
 "Because their fruit are highly desirable to birds, elderberry rapidly colonizes moist areas along railways,
 roadways, forest edges, and fencelines. The large, pinnately compound leaves are typically dark green, although ornamental selections have been identified that are varigated, limegreen, and dark purple and are popular plants for landscaping. Hundreds of small white hermaphroditic flowers are borne in flat umbels and likewise the fruit  are individually small (0.3–0.6cm) but collectively the hundreds of fruits produce very large clusters. Fruit of the cultivated elderberry are very dark purple, nearly black, but the various species range from bright red to blue and dark purple. The mild-flavored fruits ripen in mid to late summer. For commercial harvest, the entire cluster is picked and the entire crop is processed into juice or puŕee. Elderberry bark, roots, stems, flowers, and fruit have been used by Native American cultures as medicine, foods and to produce toys and tools... \\
-Snigra tends to be a single- or few-trunked large shrub whereas S.canadensis can have many canes and can spread aggressively by underground rhizomes...\\
+S.nigra tends to be a single- or few-trunked large shrub whereas S.canadensis can have many canes and can spread aggressively by underground rhizomes...\\
 The major polyphenolic compounds present in S.canadensis were neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and isorhamnetin 3-rutinoside..."\\
-[Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars., Lee, J., Finn, C.E., Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Vol.87(14), 2007, 2665-2675] \\
+[Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars., Lee, J., Finn, C.E., Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Vol.87(14), 2007, 2665-2675] [[http://afrsweb.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/person/37108/PDF/Leeelderpolyp.pdf|PDF]]
-[[http://afrsweb.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/person/37108/PDF/Leeelderpolyp.pdf]]
-{{:sambucus_canadensis.jpg?500}} \\
+{{:sambucus_canadensis.jpg?600}} \\
 Sambucus canadensis L. [as Sambucus simpsonii Rehder] \\
-Sargent, C.S., Trees and shrubs, illustrations of new or little known ligneous plants, vol. 2: t. 175 (1855) [C.E. Faxon] \\
+Sargent, C.S., Trees and shrubs, illustrations of new or little known ligneous plants, vol. 2: t. 175 (1855) [C.E. Faxon] [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=904332|plantgenera.org]]
-[[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=904332]]
+{{:sambucus_can.jpg}} \\
+Sambucus canadensis, Middleton, Wisconsin, USA (2025) © William Eifler [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=84300|inaturalist.org]]