| Beide Seiten der vorigen RevisionVorhergehende ÜberarbeitungNächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung |
| myroxylon_balsamum_var._pereirae [2015/02/05 10:27] – andreas | myroxylon_balsamum_var._pereirae [2022/01/10 09:49] (aktuell) – andreas |
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| [CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Duke, James A., 1990, 322] | [CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, Duke, James A., 1990, 322] |
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| "Balsam of Peru smells of vanilla and cinnamon because it contains 60-70% cinnamein (a combination of cinnamic acid, cinnamyl cinnamate, benzyl benzoate, benzoic acid and vanillin). The other 30-40% contains resins of unknown composition. It also contains essential oils similar to those in citrus fruit peel. These are all potential allergens... Typical allergic contact dermatitis reactions may occur in individuals allergic to Balsam of Peru or any other chemically related substances. Flare-up of hand eczema is common in sensitive individuals if they use or consume products containing Balsam of Peru or related allergens. Oral exposure may cause sore mouth (tongue) and rash of the lips or angles of the mouth. " \\ | "Balsam of Peru smells of vanilla and cinnamon because it contains 60-70% cinnamein (a combination of cinnamic acid, cinnamyl cinnamate, benzyl benzoate, benzoic acid and vanillin). The other 30-40% contains resins of unknown composition. It also contains essential oils similar to those in citrus fruit peel. These are all potential allergens... Typical allergic contact dermatitis reactions may occur in individuals allergic to Balsam of Peru or any other chemically related substances. Flare-up of hand eczema is common in sensitive individuals if they use or consume products containing Balsam of Peru or related allergens. Oral exposure may cause sore mouth (tongue) and rash of the lips or angles of the mouth. " |
| [[http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/balsam-of-peru-allergy.html]] | [[http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/balsam-of-peru-allergy.html]] |
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| Benzyl isoferulate, coniferyl cinnamate, hydroconiferyl cinnamate, and hydroconiferyl benzoate were identified among others as new constituents. Also, the presence of coniferyl benzoate could be shown for the first time. It showed the strongest sensitizing capacity of all compounds tested followed by benzyl isoferulate. The latter is a significant cross-linking allergen because it occurs in propolis as well." \\ | Benzyl isoferulate, coniferyl cinnamate, hydroconiferyl cinnamate, and hydroconiferyl benzoate were identified among others as new constituents. Also, the presence of coniferyl benzoate could be shown for the first time. It showed the strongest sensitizing capacity of all compounds tested followed by benzyl isoferulate. The latter is a significant cross-linking allergen because it occurs in propolis as well." \\ |
| [Identification of New Allergenic Constituents and Proof of Evidence for Coniferyl Benzoate in Balsam of Peru., Hausen, B.M., Simatupang, T., Bruhn, G., Evers, P., Koenig, W.A., Dermatitis, Vol.6(4), 1995, 199-208] | [Identification of New Allergenic Constituents and Proof of Evidence for Coniferyl Benzoate in Balsam of Peru., Hausen, B.M., Simatupang, T., Bruhn, G., Evers, P., Koenig, W.A., Dermatitis, Vol.6(4), 1995, 199-208] |
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| | | {{:nerolidol_e.jpg| (E)-nerolidol}} \\ (E)-nerolidol| {{:benzylcinnamate.png|benzyl cinnamate}} \\ benzyl cinnamate| {{:vanillin.jpg| vanillin}} \\ vanillin | |
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| | "Peru balsam odour is the reference balsamic note; rich, sweet, soft and long lasting with a vanilla-like dryout. Its characterising components are cinnamic derivatives and vanillin." Main components of 'Peru Balsam Oil' (distilled directly from the balsam at high vacuum using the minimum of heating) were benzyl benzoate (86.2%), benzyl trans cinnamate (6.0%), nerolidol (Z/E; 2.4%), benzoic acid (2.0%), and benzyl alcohol (1.6%). Minor components were e.g. benzaldehyde (0.03%), methyl benzoate (0.02%), vanillin (0.4%), as well as cinnamic acid (0.1%) and their esters like methyl cinnamate and cinnamyl cinnamate. \\ |
| | [Moyler, D. A., R. A. Clery, and K. A. D. Swift. „Flavours and Fragrances.“ Special Publications No. 214 (1997): 96-115] |
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| Volatile constituents were identified by SPME/GC-MS analysis of Peru Balsam. A high percentage of nerolidol (38%) was found, together with benzyl benzoate (31%). Major components were also benzyl alcohol (8%), benzoic acid (6%), benzaldehyde, β-farnesene, α-farnesene, and styrene. \\ | Volatile constituents were identified by SPME/GC-MS analysis of Peru Balsam. A high percentage of nerolidol (38%) was found, together with benzyl benzoate (31%). Major components were also benzyl alcohol (8%), benzoic acid (6%), benzaldehyde, β-farnesene, α-farnesene, and styrene. \\ |
| [[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/97030]] | [[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/97030]] |
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| {{perubalsam.jpg?500}} \\ | Main components of the hydrodistilled essential oil of six commercial samples of Peru balsam analysed by GC-MS were benzyl benzoate (47.9-70.4%), nerolidol (19.0-36.2%), benzyl cinnamate (0.7-3.6%), α-pinene (0.6-1.7%), styrene (0.3-1.6%), (Z)-ocimene (0.2-1.5%), and ethyl benzoate (0.5-1.2%). \\ |
| | [Zitterl-Eglseer, K., et al. "Dermatological compatibility of different Peru balsams (Myroxylon balsamum Harms) and their main compounds nerolidol and benzyl benzoate in dogs evaluated by means of patch testing." Wiener Tierärztliche Monatsschrift 99.3-4 (2012): 101-108] |
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| | Main constituents of a commercial Peru balsam oil originating from El Salvador were benzyl benzoate (44.2%), benzyl cinnamate (25.6%), cinnamic acid (13.3%), benzoic acid (5.9%), nerolidol (4.5%), and coumarin (1.0%). Minor components were benzyl alcohol (0.9%) and isoeugenol (0.2%) e.g.\\ |
| | [Peru Balsam Oleoresin essential oil #PBR-101, Aromatics International, 2014] \\ |
| | [[https://www.aromatics.com/products/peru-balsam-oleoresin]] |
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| | {{perubalsam.jpg?600}} \\ |
| Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms [as Toluifera pereirae Baillon] \\ | Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms [as Toluifera pereirae Baillon] \\ |
| Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t. 105 (1891-1895) [F.G. Kohl] \\ | Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t. 105 (1891-1895) [F.G. Kohl] \\ |
| [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=688560]] | [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=688560]] |
