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--- helichrysum_italicum_roth_g.don [2016/11/17 10:14] – andreas
+++ helichrysum_italicum_roth_g.don [2025/11/24 15:24] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 2: / Zeile 2: @@
 curryplant, everlasting, immortelle, **Italienische Strohblume**, Currystrauch, Italienische Immortelle, Currykraut
-Dwarf aromatic shrub, up to 20-60 cm high, growing on dry cliffs and sandy soil along the Mediterranean coast. Flowers yellow, young leaves with grayish-white tomentose hairs.
+Dwarf aromatic shrub, up to 20-60 cm high, growing on dry cliffs and sandy soil along the Mediterranean coast. Flowers yellow, young leaves with grayish-white tomentose hairs.  \\
+Helichrysum serotinum Boiss. = syn. Helichrysum italicum subsp. serotinum [[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?27969|USDA NPGS]]
-Helichrysum serotinum Boiss. = syn. Helichrysum italicum subsp. serotinum \\
+"This plant is sometimes used as a spice. Although called "curry plant" and smelling like curry powder, it has nothing whatsoever to do with this mixture of spices, nor with the curry tree (Murraya koenigii), and is not used as masala for curry dishes either." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helichrysum_italicum|wikipedia(EN)]] \\
-[[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?27969]]
+"The strong scent of flowers reminiscent of curry, it is particularly intense during hot weather." [[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helichrysum_italicum|wikipedia(DE)]]
-"This plant is sometimes used as a spice. Although called "curry plant" and smelling like curry powder, it has nothing whatsoever to do with this mixture of spices, nor with the curry tree (Murraya koenigii), and is not used as masala for curry dishes either." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helichrysum_italicum]]
+"...Corsican oils were found to contain neryl acetate as predominant compound, with amounts from 15.8% (from plants in stage of early shoots) to 42.5% (in full flowering period). In a second part, we sampled Helichrysum italicum subsp. italicum from three locations over the growth cycle of the plant. Significant variations were observed in the concentration of the main constituents, pointing out a chemical composition of oils produced from plants in early shoots (higher amounts of ketones and β‐diketones [like 3,5-dimethylheptan-2,4-dione and 4,6-dimethyloctan-3,5-dione]) different from that obtained from samples harvested in the stages of flowering (higher contents of neryl acetate)." \\
+[Bianchini, Ange, et al. "Composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don fil. subsp. italicum essential oils from Corsica (France)." Flavour and fragrance journal 16.1 (2001): 30-34]
-"The strong scent of flowers reminiscent of curry, it is particularly intense during hot weather." [[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helichrysum_italicum]]
+|{{46dimethyloctan35dione.png| 4,6-dimethyloctan-3,5-dione }} \\ 4,6-dimethyloctan-3,5-dione \\ //(curry plant like)//|{{nerol.png| nerol }} \\ nerol \\ //(lemon floral)//|{{nerylacetate.png| neryl acetate }} \\ neryl acetate \\ //(sweet floral rose)//|
 Tuscan Helichrysum italicum subsp.italicum oils exhibited high contents of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (23-38%) with significant amounts of β-selinene (7-12%), β-caryophyllene (5-11%) and α-selinene (5-8%). The major compounds were α-pinene (53.5% max) or neryl acetate (22.0% max). \\
@@ Zeile 21: / Zeile 23: @@
 "The chemical composition of the everlasting essential oils from Greece and Croatia are quite different. Oil from Croatia is similar to the oil of Italian origin and its chemical composition varies in relation to the geographic origin and vegetation cycle...The yield of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation was 0.21% (w/w) and forty four compounds were identified. The main compounds were: α-pinene (12.8%), 2-methylcyclohexyl pentanoate (11.1 %), neryl acetate (10.4%), 1,7-di-epi-α-cedrene (6.8%), thymol (5.4%), eremophilene (4.3%), limonene (4.0%), 2,3,4,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-3a,7-methanoazulene (3.1%), α-bergamotene (2.6%) and ar-curcumene (2.3%). Everlasting essential oil exhibited a very complex composition... Seven esters were identified, representing 29.0% of the total oil. 2-Methylcyclohexyl pentanoate and 2-methylcyclohexyl octanoate were tentatively identified. Furthermore, thymol (5.4%), eleven free alcohols (mono- and sesquiterpene alcohols) and six acids - (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoic, octanoic, decanoic, undecanoic, dodecanoic and tetradecanoic acid - were found, representing 3.7% of the total oil." \\
-[Contribution to the Analysis of the Essential Oil of Helichrysum
+[Contribution to the Analysis of the Essential Oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don. – Determination of Ester Bonded Acids and Phenols. Josip Mastelić, Olivera Politeo, Igor Jerković, Molecules 2008, 13, 795-803]
-italicum (Roth) G. Don. – Determination of Ester Bonded Acids
-and Phenols. Josip Mastelić, Olivera Politeo, Igor Jerković, Molecules 2008, 13, 795-803]
-The main compounds of 21 essential oil samples isolated from Helichrysum italicum ssp.italicum collected in seven locations of Elba Island were α-pinene (1.0-32.9%), limonene (0.4-12.9 %), 1,8-cineol (tr-18.2%), linalool (1.1-6.7%), nerol oxide (tr-2.8%), nerol (2.8-12.8%), neryl acetate (5.6-45.9%), neryl propionate (1.9-7.7%), gamma-curcumene (1.0-7.2%), ar-curcumene (0.5-6.7%), and rosifoliol (eudesm-5-en-8-ol, 1.8-17.2%). \\
+The main compounds of 21 essential oil samples isolated from Helichrysum italicum ssp.italicum collected in seven locations of Elba Island were α-pinene (1.0-32.9%), limonene (0.4-12.9 %), 1,8-cineol (tr-18.2%), linalool (1.1-6.7%), nerol oxide (tr-2.8%), nerol (2.8-12.8%), neryl acetate (5.6-45.9%), neryl propionate (1.9-7.7%), ɣ-curcumene (1.0-7.2%), ar-curcumene (0.5-6.7%), and rosifoliol (eudesm-5-en-8-ol, 1.8-17.2%). Neryl isovalerate (sour sweaty floral rose) was found at 0.1-1.3%.\\
 "The results obtained showed a difference in the composition of the essential oils of H. italicum from Elba Island, mainly due to the environment where the plant grows, and, in particular, to the soil type. These hypotheses were further confirmed by the comparison of these oils with essential oils obtained from H. italicum collected on other islands of the Tuscan archipelago." \\
 [Essential‐Oil Composition of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don ssp. italicum from Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy)., Leonardi, M., Ambryszewska, K.E., Melai, B., Flamini, G., Cioni, P.L., Parri, F., Pistelli, L., Chemistry & biodiversity, 10(3), 2013, 343-355]
-{{:helichrysum_italicum_subsp_microphyllum.jpg}} \\
+The olfactometry profile of Helichrysum italicum essential oil from Balkans showed green notes (nerol oxide, 2,4-decadienal, ɣ-curcumene, three unknown compounds), fruity notes (damascenone, italidione I, italidione II/α-curcumene), terpenic notes (1,8-cineole, α-terpineol), nutty notes (pyrazine, terpinen-4-ol), floral notes (linalool), the animalic p-cresyl acetate, and the spicy isobutyl angelate. \\
-Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum (Asteraceae) \\
+[Laure Saint-Lary, Francis Hadji Minaglou, Christian Escriva, Anne-Sophie Beyls, Frédéric Badie:  "Helichrysum italicum D.C. Essential Oil from Balkans" Perfumer and Flavorist 47 (2018): 52-66]
-Author: Giancarlo Dessì (2007), Professional Institute of Agriculture and Environment "Cettolini" of Cagliari \\
-[[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helichrysum_italicum_subsp_microphyllum_g07.jpg|Wikimedia Commons]]
+Neryl acetate as the main component (30.4%) of a steam distilled essential oil of Helichrysum italicum subsp. italicum from Corsica was not a key odorant (only 2 of 10 panelists detected a weak odor zone by GC-O). The most odor-active constituents perceived by all of the panelists and showing the highest mean Flavor Dilution factor were 4,6-dimethyloctan-3,5-dione (0.7%, curry plant-like), 1,8-cineole (1.0%, menthol floral), and nerol (3.7%, lemon floral). Other odor-active constituents were α-pinene (2.1%, lemon floral), p-cresol (trace, sweat spicy curry), linalool (2.4%, orange blossom, citrus), eugenol (0.1%, spicy fruity), and β-damascenone (only detected by GC-O, fruity rose) and another eleven compounds which could not be identified. \\
+[Andreani, Stéphane, et al. "Key odorants of industrially-produced Helichrysum italicum subsp. italicum essential oil." Industrial Crops and Products 132 (2019): 275-282]
+{{:helichrysum_italicum_subsp_microphyllum.jpg|Helichrysum italicum ssp. microphyllum}} \\
+Helichrysum italicum ssp. microphyllum, Bonifacio, France (2017) © David Renoult [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=508029|inaturalist.org]]