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--- cryptocarya_massoy_oken_kosterm [2016/10/03 08:33] – andreas
+++ cryptocarya_massoy_oken_kosterm [2024/07/17 09:35] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
 Cryptocarya massoy (Oken) Kosterm. - syn. Cryptocarya aromatica (Becc.) Kosterm.; Cinnamomum massoy Oken; Massoia aromatica Becc. - Lauraceae \\
-massoia tree, **Massoia**
+massoia tree, **Massoia Baum**
-Endemic tree of the island of New Guinea, optimal growth in rainforests between 400 m and 1000 m altitude. The aromatic bark from the tree has been an article of commerce for centuries, now as the source of massoia oil used in aromatherapy.
+Endemic tree, up to 15-30m high, native to the island of New Guinea, optimal growth in rainforests between 400 m and 1000 m altitude. The aromatic bark from the tree has been an article of commerce for centuries, now as the source of massoia oil used in aromatherapy. Bark greenish or light grey; leaves opposite, ovate, with tapered leaf tips; flowers with six elliptical-shaped petals, greenish-yellow; fruits one-seeded, globular with a slight bulge on one side, young fruit green while the ripe fruit is black. \\
+[Bosoren, M. B. "Overview: Massoi: Cryptocarya massoia (Oken) Kosterm." GIZ, FORCLIME: Jakarta, Indonesia (2020)] \\
+[[https://www.forclime.org/documents/Books/2020-10-08_Overview%20Massoi_Melanesia%20Boseren.pdf|Overview: Massoi Cryptocarya Massoia Kosterm (PDF)]]
+Main component of massoia bark (oil CAS 977103-80-2 / extract CAS 85085-26-3) is C-10 massoia lactone = [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1031001.html|(R)-5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one]] (natural isomer) with a sweet lactonic, herbaceous odor and a creamy, coconut, milky taste. \\
+{{:massoia_c10.jpg|}} \\
+[Burdock, George A. Fenaroli's handbook of flavor ingredients. CRC press, 2001, 812-813 and 1005-1006]
+"...the Massoia tree well-known for its fragrant bark, reminescent of coconut and biscuit... also used to produce the commercial Massoia oil applied in smaller amounts in aromatherapy and also as a flavoring material. Of special importance for the odors both of fresh bark and the essential oil are the two main components dec-2-en-5-olide (so-called 'Massoia lactone') and dodec-2-en-5-olide." \\
+[Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 77-78]
 "Exhaustive hydro-distillation of the bark, heartwood and fruits of Cryptocarya massoy (Lauraceae) afforded pale yellow-coloured oils in 0.7, 1.2 and 1.0 % yields, respectively. Detailed chemical evaluation of these distillates using GC/MS revealed the major components in the bark and the heartwood oils to be the C-10 (5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one; bark 64%, heartwood 68%) and C-12 (5,6-dihydro-6-heptyl-2H-pyran-2-one; bark 17%, heartwood 27%) massoia lactones, while the major fruit oil constituent was benzyl benzoate (68.3 %). The heartwood also contained trace amounts of the C-14 (5,6-dihydro-6-nonyl-2H-pyran-2-one) massoia lactone (1.4 %) and the saturated C-10 derivative δ-decalactone (2.5 %)." \\
@@ Zeile 9: / Zeile 18: @@
 [[http://epubs.scu.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=cpp_pubs]]
-{{:massoia_c10.jpg|}}  natural [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1031001.html|(R)-5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one = C-10 massoia lactone]]
+The quality description of a commercial CO2 extract of 100% natural material demands > 45% C10, 20-50% C12, < 1% C14 massoia lactone and < 8% benzyl benzoate (GC-MS; used as coconut flavor: 0.005-0.05%). \\
-The quality description of a commercial CO2 extract of 100% natural material demands > 45% C10, 20-50% C12, < 1% C14 massoia lactone and < 8% benzyl benzoate (GC-MS; used as coconut flavor). \\
 [Massoiarinden CO2-se Extrakt Typ Nr. 029.00, Flavex Corp. 2014] [[http://www.flavex.com/fileadmin/flavex.de/user_upload/Spezifikation/Deutsch/Spezi_Massoiarinden_CO2-se_Extrakt_029_001.pdf]]