Unterschiede

Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.

--- carum_carvi_l [2015/11/18 14:13] – andreas
+++ carum_carvi_l [2024/07/02 07:13] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 3: / Zeile 3: @@
 Annual or biennial herb, up to 1m tall, native to Asia, Europe and North Africa, mainly cultivated in the Netherlands, Finland, Hungary, Morocco, Iran, India and Russia; basal leaves oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 pinnate, upper ones linear, much divided; umbels 2.5-6 cm across, flowers white to pink; fruit oblong-ellipsoid, 3-5 × 1-2 mm, vittae 1 in each furrow, 2 on commissure. \\
 [[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200015475]]
+Main volatile compounds of the floral fragrance of Carum carvi, collected at PorapakQ, were limonene (15%), β-caryophyllene (16%), and E-β-farnesene (58%). \\
+[Volatile compounds from flowers of six species in the family Apiaceae: bouquets for different pollinators? Borg-Karlson, A.K., Valterová, I., Nilsson, L.A., Phytochemistry, Vol.35(1), 1993, 111-119]
 "The biosynthesis of the monoterpenes limonene and carvone in the fruit of caraway (Carum carvi L.) proceeds from geranyl diphosphate via a three-step pathway. First, geranyl diphosphate is cyclized to (+)-limonene by a monoterpene synthase. Second, this intermediate is stored in the essential oil ducts without further metabolism or is converted by limonene-6-hydroxylase to (+)-trans-carveol. Third, (+)-trans-carveol is oxidized by a dehydrogenase to (+)-carvone... \\
@@ Zeile 35: / Zeile 38: @@
 [Essential oils and fatty acids composition of Tunisian, German and Egyptian caraway (Carum carvi L.) seed ecotypes: a comparative study., Laribi, B., Kouki, K., Bettaieb, T., Mougou, A., Marzouk, B., Industrial Crops and Products, 41, 2013, 312-318] [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092666901200266X]]
-{{:carum_carvi.jpg?500}} \\
+"(R)-(-)-carvone and (S)-(+)-carvone caused gastric retention, reflected by decreased gastric dye emptying. These effects were accompanied by a reduction of the propulsive behaviour of the small intestine. The retarding effects of carvone on gastric emptying were also related to a decrease in the magnitude of intragastric pressure waves. The carvone-induced effects in vivo resembled those of the positive control, loperamide. In vitro, carvone relaxed sustained contractions induced by carbachol in strips of longitudinal gastric fundus and duodenum." \\
+[Carvone (R)‐(‐) and (S)‐(+) enantiomers inhibits upper gastrointestinal motility in mice., Silva, C., Wanderley, C.W., Lima‐Junior, F.J., Sousa, D.P., Lima, J.T., Magalhães, P.J., Palheta‐Junior, R.C., Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 30(6), 2015, 439-444]
+{{:carum_carvi.jpg?600}} \\
 Kohl,F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t.78 (1891-1895) \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=207179]]
+{{http://www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at/Bilder/Lumix_90/P1330910.JPG}} \\
+Carum carvi, Puchberg am Schneeberg 2017; author: Rolf Marschner,
+[[http://botanische-spaziergaenge.at/viewtopic.php?f=573&t=4658| www.botanische-spaziergaenge.at]]