| Beide Seiten der vorigen RevisionVorhergehende Überarbeitung | |
| boswellia_sacra_flueck [2023/02/25 22:58] – andreas | boswellia_sacra_flueck [2026/01/22 08:50] (aktuell) – andreas |
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| Boswellia sacra Flueck. - Burseraceae - frankincense, olibanum-tree, **Somalischer Weihrauch**, Arabischer Weihrauch | Boswellia sacra Flueck. - Burseraceae - frankincense, olibanum-tree, **Somalischer Weihrauch**, Arabischer Weihrauch |
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| Small tree, 2-8m high, native to northeastern Africa (Somalia) and the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Yemen); bark papery, peeling; leaves clustered at the ends of tangled branches; flowers are borne in axillary racemes up to 10 cm long, with yellow-white petals. "Trees are normally multi-stemmed, but can also have a single trunk. All parts of the tree are highly resinous... The trees cling to boulders or rock-faces by means of a cushion-like swelling at the base of the trunk. This swollen base helps to stabilise the tree and is most developed in those growing on very steep or exposed rocks...In Oman the tree is so heavily browsed by herbivores that it rarely flowers or sets seed, apparently leading to poor regeneration and the death of some trees." [[http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/boswellia-sacra-frankincense]] | Small tree, 2-8m high, native to northeastern Africa (Somalia) and the Arabian Peninsula (Oman, Yemen); bark papery, peeling; leaves clustered at the ends of tangled branches; flowers are borne in axillary racemes up to 10 cm long, with yellow-white petals. "Trees are normally multi-stemmed, but can also have a single trunk. All parts of the tree are highly resinous... The trees cling to boulders or rock-faces by means of a cushion-like swelling at the base of the trunk. This swollen base helps to stabilise the tree and is most developed in those growing on very steep or exposed rocks...In Oman the tree is so heavily browsed by herbivores that it rarely flowers or sets seed, apparently leading to poor regeneration and the death of some trees." [[http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/boswellia-sacra-frankincense|Kew]] |
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| "It is the primary tree in the genus Boswellia from which frankincense, a resinous dried sap, is harvested." \\ | "It is the primary tree in the genus Boswellia from which frankincense, a resinous dried sap, is harvested." |
| [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boswellia_sacra]] | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boswellia_sacra|wikipedia]] |
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| | "In evolutionary history, the B. carteri diverged around 4.2 million years ago (mya), while B. sacra and B. serrata separated by approximately 7.0 mya. The phylogenomic analysis supported the distinction between B. carteri and B. sacra, challenging prior claims that these are synonymous." \\ |
| | [Asaf, Sajjad, et al. "Plastome structure, evolution and diversity of Frankincense-producing Boswellia genus." Functional & Integrative Genomics 25.1 (2025): 172] |
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| "Boswellia carteri and Boswellia sacra olibanum have quite similar chemical composition, with isoincensole acetate as the main diterpenic biomarker." \\ | "Boswellia carteri and Boswellia sacra olibanum have quite similar chemical composition, with isoincensole acetate as the main diterpenic biomarker." \\ |
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| Two oxygenated sesquiterpenes, rotundone and mustakone, are potent odorants of frankincense with very low odor thresholds. During GC-O analysis it was observed that close to the threshold level, rotundone imparts a more woody, coniferous, incense-like, and only slightly peppery smell, while at somewhat higher levels the strong, distinct peppery note arises. Mustakone (non-anosmic panelists: odor th <0.01 ng/L) is "...described by panelists as spicy, woody, slightly fatty, meat-broth-like, and balsamic. Interestingly, some panelists remarked that the smell resembles that of α-copaene, which was reported to contribute to the smell of frankincense and smells 'spicy, broth, woody'." \\ | Two oxygenated sesquiterpenes, rotundone and mustakone, are potent odorants of frankincense with very low odor thresholds. During GC-O analysis it was observed that close to the threshold level, rotundone imparts a more woody, coniferous, incense-like, and only slightly peppery smell, while at somewhat higher levels the strong, distinct peppery note arises. Mustakone (non-anosmic panelists: odor th <0.01 ng/L) is "...described by panelists as spicy, woody, slightly fatty, meat-broth-like, and balsamic. Interestingly, some panelists remarked that the smell resembles that of α-copaene, which was reported to contribute to the smell of frankincense and smells 'spicy, broth, woody'." \\ |
| [Fragrant Sesquiterpene Ketones as Trace Constituents in Frankincense Volatile Oil of Boswellia sacra., Niebler, J., Zhuravlova, K., Minceva, M., Buettner, A., Journal of natural products, 79(4), 2016, 1160-1164] \\ | [Fragrant Sesquiterpene Ketones as Trace Constituents in Frankincense Volatile Oil of Boswellia sacra., Niebler, J., Zhuravlova, K., Minceva, M., Buettner, A., Journal of natural products, 79(4), 2016, 1160-1164] [[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00836|PDF]] |
| [[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00836]] | |
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| | {{:rotundone.jpg| rotundone }} \\ rotundone | {{:mustakone.jpg| mustakone }} \\ mustakone | {{:olibanicacid.jpg| olibanic acid(s)}} \\ olibanic acids | | | {{:rotundone.jpg| rotundone }} \\ rotundone | {{:mustakone.jpg| mustakone }} \\ mustakone | {{:olibanicacid.jpg| olibanic acid(s)}} \\ olibanic acids | |
| (1S,2S)-(+)-trans- and (1S,2R)-(+)-cis-2-Octylcyclopropyl-1-carboxylic acid are key molecular constituents contributing to the characteristic odor of olibanum. These highly potent odorants occure in ppm amounts in all frankincense samples analyzed "... even those showing radically different volatile compositions. These cyclopropyl-derived acids provide the very characteristic old churchlike endnote of the frankincense odor." \\ | (1S,2S)-(+)-trans- and (1S,2R)-(+)-cis-2-Octylcyclopropyl-1-carboxylic acid are key molecular constituents contributing to the characteristic odor of olibanum. These highly potent odorants occure in ppm amounts in all frankincense samples analyzed "... even those showing radically different volatile compositions. These cyclopropyl-derived acids provide the very characteristic old churchlike endnote of the frankincense odor." \\ |
| [Cerutti‐Delasalle, C., Mehiri, M., Cagliero, C., Rubiolo, P., Bicchi, C., Meierhenrich, U. J., & Baldovini, N. (2016). The (+)‐cis‐and (+)‐trans‐Olibanic Acids: Key Odorants of Frankincense. Angewandte Chemie, 128(44), 13923-13927] | [Cerutti‐Delasalle, C., Mehiri, M., Cagliero, C., Rubiolo, P., Bicchi, C., Meierhenrich, U. J., & Baldovini, N. (2016). The (+)‐cis‐and (+)‐trans‐Olibanic Acids: Key Odorants of Frankincense. Angewandte Chemie, 128(44), 13923-13927] |
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| {{:boswellia_sacra.jpg}}\\ | {{:boswellia_sacra.jpg}}\\ |
| Boswelllia sacra, Florida | Boswelllia sacra, Florida International University campus, USA © Scott Zona (2008) [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0//|CC BY 2.0]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense#/media/File:Boswellia_sacra.jpg|Wikimedia Commons]] |
| [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0//|CC BY 2.0]], Author: Scott Zona [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense#/media/File:Boswellia_sacra.jpg|Wikimedia Commons]] | |
