| Beide Seiten der vorigen RevisionVorhergehende ÜberarbeitungNächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung |
| azadirachta_indica_a.juss [2014/11/16 09:57] – andreas | azadirachta_indica_a.juss [2015/11/23 15:12] (aktuell) – andreas |
|---|
| Azadirachta indica A.Juss - syn.Melia azadirachta L. - Meliaceae \\ | Azadirachta indica A.Juss - syn.Melia azadirachta L. - Meliaceae - neem, nimtree, **Niem-Baum**, Neem |
| neem, nimtree, Neem, **Niem-Baum** | |
| |
| Evergreen tree of dry regions of India, 15-20m tall, naturalized in West Africa, America, Australia; leaves alternate, 20–40cm long, leaflets dark green, serrated; flowers whitish to cream coloured. | Evergreen tree of dry regions of India, 15-20m tall, naturalized in West Africa, America, Australia; leaves alternate, 20–40cm long, leaflets dark green, serrated; flowers whitish to cream coloured. |
| |
| "Hence, this study only found limited evidence that neem is a major weed overseas. While it has escaped cultivation and become naturalised in a number of countries, its impact is poorly documented... \\ | |
| Neem trees are grown commercially in plantations to produce [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azadirachtin|azadirachtin]], a chemical extracted from the seeds and leaves. Azadirachtin has been promoted as a new insecticide that is considered more ‘environmentally friendly’ than synthetic insecticides. Plantations have been established in tropical to subtropical regions of the world, including semi-arid and wet tropical regions, from sea level to about 700 m elevation (NRC 1992). After the oil has been pressed from the seeds, the residue (‘neem cake’) can be used in cattle and poultry | |
| feed. Neem is also used in silviculture in India and for reforestation in Asia, Central America and the sub-Saharan region." [Pest plant risk assessment Neem Tree, Azadirachta indica. Steve Csurhes, Biosecurity Queensland. 2008] [[http://www.daff.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/63168/IPA-Neem-Tree-Risk-Assessment.pdf]] | |
| |
| "Products made from neem trees have been used in India for over two millennia for their medicinal properties... \\ | "Products made from neem trees have been used in India for over two millennia for their medicinal properties... \\ |
| Neem oil is used for preparing cosmetics such as soap, shampoo, balms and creams as well as toothpaste." \\ | Neem oil is used for preparing cosmetics such as soap, shampoo, balms and creams as well as toothpaste." \\ |
| [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azadirachta_indica]] | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azadirachta_indica]] |
| | |
| | "Hence, this study only found limited evidence that neem is a major weed overseas. While it has escaped cultivation and become naturalised in a number of countries, its impact is poorly documented... \\ |
| | Neem trees are grown commercially in plantations to produce [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azadirachtin|azadirachtin]], a chemical extracted from the seeds and leaves. Azadirachtin has been promoted as a new insecticide that is considered more ‘environmentally friendly’ than synthetic insecticides. Plantations have been established in tropical to subtropical regions of the world, including semi-arid and wet tropical regions, from sea level to about 700 m elevation (NRC 1992). After the oil has been pressed from the seeds, the residue (‘neem cake’) can be used in cattle and poultry |
| | feed. Neem is also used in silviculture in India and for reforestation in Asia, Central America and the sub-Saharan region." [Pest plant risk assessment Neem Tree, Azadirachta indica. Steve Csurhes, Biosecurity Queensland. 2008] [[http://www.daff.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/63168/IPA-Neem-Tree-Risk-Assessment.pdf]] |
| |
| "The volatile components of the flowers of A. Indica had a strong sulphury smell. The main components were sesquiterpenes, δ-cadinene (9.43%), copaene (7.03%), humulene (3.70%), δ-cubebene (3.04%)... Ethyl laurate and ethyl ester of high molecular fatty acids and high molecular weight of hydrocarbons were also found. There were 21 organosulphurs detected, in which a number of unidentified components were picked up by the S34isotope peak of the parent ions. The organosulphur components found were similar to those found in the neem seed oil obtained by steam distillation (Mubarak and Kulatilleke, 1992; Balandrin et al., 1988)." cis- (8.8%) and trans-3,5-diethyl-1,2-4-trithiolan (8.8%) were identified. \\ | "The volatile components of the flowers of A. Indica had a strong sulphury smell. The main components were sesquiterpenes, δ-cadinene (9.43%), copaene (7.03%), humulene (3.70%), δ-cubebene (3.04%)... Ethyl laurate and ethyl ester of high molecular fatty acids and high molecular weight of hydrocarbons were also found. There were 21 organosulphurs detected, in which a number of unidentified components were picked up by the S34isotope peak of the parent ions. The organosulphur components found were similar to those found in the neem seed oil obtained by steam distillation (Mubarak and Kulatilleke, 1992; Balandrin et al., 1988)." cis- (8.8%) and trans-3,5-diethyl-1,2-4-trithiolan (8.8%) were identified. \\ |
| [Ovicidal effects of a neem seed extract preparation on eggs of body and head lice. Mehlhorn, H., Abdel-Ghaffar, F., Al-Rasheid, K. A., Schmidt, J., Semmler, M., Parasitology research, Vol.109(5), 2011, 1299-1302] | [Ovicidal effects of a neem seed extract preparation on eggs of body and head lice. Mehlhorn, H., Abdel-Ghaffar, F., Al-Rasheid, K. A., Schmidt, J., Semmler, M., Parasitology research, Vol.109(5), 2011, 1299-1302] |
| |
| | {{:azadirachta_indica.jpg?500}} \\ |
| | Koorders S.H., Valeton T., Atlas der Baumarten von Java, vol.1, t.164 (1913) [M.Mangoendimedjo] \\ |
| | [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=121836]] |
