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--- argemone_mexicana_l [2015/06/13 09:37] – Externe Bearbeitung 127.0.0.1
+++ argemone_mexicana_l [2015/10/23 07:06] (aktuell) – andreas
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-Argemone mexicana L. - Papaveraceae \\
+Argemone mexicana L. - Papaveraceae - prickly poppy, Mexican poppy, **Mexikanischer Stachelmohn**, Mexikanische Distel
-prickly poppy, Mexican poppy, **Mexikanischer Stachelmohn**, Mexikanische Distel
 Annual herb to 1m high, native to central America, cultivated for centuries, naturalized in many tropical
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 "A single sample of authenticated A. mexicana seed contained dihydrosanguinarine as the major alkaloid with minor amounts of sanguinarine and berberine, in agreement with earlier studies. Dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine were measured as their oxidized products, sanguinarine and chelerythrine, after U.V. irradiation. A crystalline solid which separates from A. ochroleuca seed oil was shown to contain 11-oxo-octacosanoic acid and 11-oxo-triacontanoic acid, which are also the major components of a similar solid from A. mexicana seed oil. " \\
 [Isoquinoline alkaloids and keto-fatty acids of Argemone ochroleuca and A. mexicana (mexican poppy) seed. I. An assay method and factors affecting their concentration. Fletcher, M. T., Takken, G., Blaney, B. J., & Alberts, V., Crop and Pasture Science, Vol.44(2), 1993, 265-275]
+"Consumption of oil extracted from accidental or deliberate contamination of argemone seed to mustard seed is known to pose a clinical condition popularly referred to as Epidemic Dropsy. Several outbreaks of Epidemic Dropsy have occurred in the past in India as well as in Mauritius, Fiji Island, and South Africa. Clinico-epidemiological manifestations of argemone oil poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, swelling of limbs, erythema, pitting edema, breathlessness, etc. In extreme cases, glaucoma and even death due to cardiac arrest have been encountered. The toxicity of argemone oil has been attributed to two of its physiologically active benzophenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. Histopathological studies suggest that liver, lungs, kidney, and heart are the target sites for argemone oil intoxication." \\
+[Clinicoepidemiological, toxicological, and safety evaluation studies on argemone oil., Das, M., Khanna, S. K., CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 27(3), 1997, 273-297]
 "Fractionation of the chloroform extract from the aerial part of Argemone mexicana led to the isolation of two benzophenanthridine-type alkaloids, N-demethyloxysanguinarine and pancorine; three benzylisoquinoline-type alkaloids, (+)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(2-hydroxy-methyl-3,4-dimethoxyphenylmethyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyisoquinoline, (+)-higenamine and (+)-reticuline." \\
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 [Argemone mexicana decoction versus artesunate-amodiaquine for the management of malaria in Mali: policy and public-health implications. Graz, B., Willcox, M. L., Diakite, C., Falquet, J., Dackuo, F., Sidibe, O., Diallo, D., Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol.104(1), 2010, 33]
-{{http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Argemone_mexicana_Blanco1.187.png/640px-Argemone_mexicana_Blanco1.187.png}}
+{{:argemone_mexicana.jpg?500}} \\
+Millspaugh,C.F., American medicinal plants, vol.1, t.20 (1892) \\
+[[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=84505]]