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Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung | ||
tilia_cordata_mill [2016/06/16 21:58] andreas |
tilia_cordata_mill [2024/05/31 11:05] andreas |
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little-leaf linden, small-leaved lime, **Winterlinde**, | little-leaf linden, small-leaved lime, **Winterlinde**, | ||
- | Native tree to Europe and West Sibiria, up to 30m high; leaves with darker green upper side and blueish green underside, beneath glaucous; flowers with pleasant scent. | + | Native tree to Europe and West Sibiria, up to 30m high; leaves with darker green upper side and blueish green underside, beneath glaucous; flowers with pleasant scent. There are numerous hybrids planted: Tilia x europaea = Tilia x vulgaris = Tilia cordata x Tilia platyphyllos |
- | There are numerous hybrids planted: Tilia x europaea = Tilia x vulgaris = Tilia cordata x Tilia platyphyllos | + | Dried flowers ared used as diaphoretic, |
"In the countries of Central and Western Europe, linden flowers are a traditional herbal remedy made into an herbal..., considered to be of value as an anti-inflammatory in a range of respiratory problems: colds, fever, flu, sore throat, bronchitis, and cough." | "In the countries of Central and Western Europe, linden flowers are a traditional herbal remedy made into an herbal..., considered to be of value as an anti-inflammatory in a range of respiratory problems: colds, fever, flu, sore throat, bronchitis, and cough." | ||
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- | Dried flowers ared used as diaphoretic, | ||
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- | As shown by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), linden honey volatiles having high factors of dilution (FD) were identified as 1-hexen-3-one, | ||
- | [Intensive neutral odourants of linden honey Differences from honeys of other botanical origin., Blank, I., Fischer, K.H., Grosch, W., Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 189(5), 1989, 426-433] [[http:// | ||
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- | "It was shown that 3.9-epoxy-1.4(8)-p-menthadiene and cis-rose oxide, both occurring also in the blossoms of the lime tree Tilia cordata (L.), were typical odourants of the linden honey." | ||
- | [Determination of the Chemical Structure of Linden Ether. Imre Blank, Werner Grosch, Wolfgang Eisenreieh, Adelbert Bacher, and Joachim Firl, Helvetica Chimica Acta, Volume 73 (1990), 1250-1257] [[http:// | ||
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"Thus the difference in the composition of the aroma compounds between the headspace and the **essential oil** is clearly shown. This is also the case with **dried lime tree flowers** (Flores Tiliae). The main constituents of the essential oil of this drug are 1, | "Thus the difference in the composition of the aroma compounds between the headspace and the **essential oil** is clearly shown. This is also the case with **dried lime tree flowers** (Flores Tiliae). The main constituents of the essential oil of this drug are 1, | ||
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[Headspace Analysis of the Dried Herb of Passion Flower (Herba Passiflorae) and Dried Flowers of Lime Tree (Flores Tiliae), G. Buchbauer, J. Jirovetz, B. Remberg, G. Remberg and A. Nikiforov, Flav. Frag. J., 7(6), 329 (1992)] | [Headspace Analysis of the Dried Herb of Passion Flower (Herba Passiflorae) and Dried Flowers of Lime Tree (Flores Tiliae), G. Buchbauer, J. Jirovetz, B. Remberg, G. Remberg and A. Nikiforov, Flav. Frag. J., 7(6), 329 (1992)] | ||
- | "More than 45 headspace constituents of the **living lime tree flowers** were detected by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic methods; more than 35 of them were identified. Main components (concentration higher than 3%) of this mixture with an odour impression similar to that of the genuine lime tree flowers' | + | {{: |
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+ | The highly sensitive 2, | ||
+ | [Trapping, Investigation and Reconstitution of Flower Scents, Roman Kaiser, in: Müller, P.M., and Lamparsky, D. eds. Perfumes: Art, Science and Technology. Springer Science & Business Media, Dordrecht 1994, 213-250] but \\ | ||
+ | Later on, headspace analysis of hyacinth flowers showed that 2, | ||
+ | [Headspace analysis of hyacinth flowers. Brunke, E. J., Hammerschmidt, | ||
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+ | "More than 45 headspace constituents of the **living lime tree flowers** were detected by gas chromatographic-spectroscopic methods; more than 35 of them were identified. Main components (concentration higher than 3%) of this mixture with an odour impression similar to that of the genuine lime tree flowers' | ||
+ | The heavy sweetness and sultriness | ||
[Comprative headspace anaysis of living and fresh cut lime tree flowers (Tiliae flores). | [Comprative headspace anaysis of living and fresh cut lime tree flowers (Tiliae flores). | ||
In comparatively small amounts, unsaturated C9 aldehydes and alcohols (catabolites of linolenic acid) are important scent modifiers in violet flowers, linden blossoms and Acacia farnesiana flowers. \\ | In comparatively small amounts, unsaturated C9 aldehydes and alcohols (catabolites of linolenic acid) are important scent modifiers in violet flowers, linden blossoms and Acacia farnesiana flowers. \\ | ||
+ | (Add.: 0.02% (E, | ||
[Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 43] | [Meaningful Scents around the World, Roman Kaiser, Zürich 2006, 43] | ||
"The essential oils of linden blossom from the clean localities contained 47.3-55.0% of oxygenated constituents, | "The essential oils of linden blossom from the clean localities contained 47.3-55.0% of oxygenated constituents, | ||
[Influence of urban environment on chemical composition of Tilia cordata essential oil. Nivinskienė, | [Influence of urban environment on chemical composition of Tilia cordata essential oil. Nivinskienė, | ||
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+ | ---- | ||
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+ | As shown by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), linden honey volatiles having high factors of dilution (FD) were identified as 1-hexen-3-one, | ||
+ | [Intensive neutral odourants of linden honey Differences from honeys of other botanical origin., Blank, I., Fischer, K.H., Grosch, W., Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 189(5), 1989, 426-433] [[http:// | ||
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+ | |{{: | ||
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+ | "It was shown that 3.9-epoxy-1.4(8)-p-menthadiene and cis-rose oxide, both occurring also in the blossoms of the lime tree Tilia cordata (L.), were typical odourants of the linden honey." | ||
+ | [Determination of the Chemical Structure of Linden Ether. Imre Blank, Werner Grosch, Wolfgang Eisenreieh, Adelbert Bacher, and Joachim Firl, Helvetica Chimica Acta, Volume 73 (1990), 1250-1257] [[http:// | ||
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+ | Linden nectar extracts contained compounds of fatty acid degradation (nonanal, decanal, tetradec-1-ene), | ||
+ | [Naef, Regula, et al. "From the linden flower to linden honey-volatile constituents of linden nectar, the extract of bee‐stomach and ripe honey." | ||
{{: | {{: | ||
- | Tilia cordata as Tilia parviflora: Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t.51 (1891-1895) | + | Tilia cordata as Tilia parviflora: Kohl, F.G., Die officinellen Pflanzen der Pharmacopoea Germanica, t.51 (1891-1895) \\ |
[[http:// | [[http:// | ||
- | {{: | + | {{: |
Tilia cordata flowers, [[https:// | Tilia cordata flowers, [[https:// |