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--- taraxacum_officinale_wigg._aggr [2015/03/10 16:35]
andreas
+++ taraxacum_officinale_wigg._aggr [2015/06/13 11:40] (aktuell)
@@ Zeile 4: / Zeile 4: @@
 Perennial herb, up to 40cm high, native to Europe, Asia, naturalized in North America; taproot up to 30cm long; whole plant and especially the stalks with white milky sap; leaves 5-25cm long, lanceolate, deeply lobed, forming a basal rosette; flowers shiny golden-yellow, solitary at the top of hollow stalks; fruits forming a rounded, white-haired seed-head known as dandelion clock.
-Tender young leaves are considerably less bitter than older leaves so they are used in salads. \\
+Tender young leaves are considerably less bitter than older leaves so they are used in salads. Many dialectal names refer to its roots diuretic effect: bed-wetter, bed-piddler.\\
 [[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_L%C3%B6wenzahn]]
@@ Zeile 29: / Zeile 29: @@
 Dandelion is mainly used as a diuretic but is also an appetite-stimulating bitter tonic, thought to be useful to treat stomach, liver, gall bladder and rheumatic complaints. It is applied externally for eczema and other skin conditions. Because of the high inulin content dandelion tea can be useful for patients with diabetes... Repeated exposure to the milky latex may cause contact dermatitis."  \\
 [Medicinal Plants of the World. Ben-Erik Van Wyk and Michael Wink, Pretoria 2004, 318]
+"To investigate the efficacy and the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of Taraxacum officinale leaves (TOLs), the effect of a methanol extract and its fractions recovered from TOLs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses was studied in the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7... Among the fractions of the methanol extract, the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the most effective anti-inflammatory activities. These results show that the anti-inflammatory effects of TOLs are probably due to down-regulation of NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced expressions of iNOS and COX-2 via inactivation of the MAP kinase signal pathway." \\
+[Anti-inflammatory effect of Taraxacum officinale leaves on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 cells., Koh, Y.J., Cha, D.S., Ko, J.S., Park, H.J., Choi, H.D., Journal of medicinal food, Vol.13(4), 2010, 870-878]
+"Taraxasterol, a pentacyclic-triterpene, was isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum officinale... taraxasterol inhibited NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies revealed that taraxasterol prevented the LPS-induced NF-κB translocation from cytoplasm into nuclear... These results indicate that taraxasterol has anti-inflammatory effect by blocking NF-κB pathway." \\
+[Effects of taraxasterol on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages., Zhang, X., Xiong, H., Liu, L., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol.141(1), 2012, 206-211]
+T.officinale leaves are very nutritious with high content of protein, potassium, calcium and iron. \\
+[Total Lipids, Proteins, Minerals and Essential Oils of Taraxacum Officinale L. Growing Wild in Kosovo., Faiku, F., International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research, Vol.3(3), 2014, 254-257] \\
+[[http://pharmamedix.in/journals/index.php/IJPPR/article/download/112/pdf_33]]
+Contents (100g aerial parts): Protein 2.7g, potassium 397mg, calcium 187mg, iron 3.1mg. [USDA DB entry 11207, Dandelion greens, raw]\\
+[[http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/2996?fgcd=&manu=&lfacet=&format=Full&count=&max=35&offset=&sort=&qlookup=11207]]
 {{:taraxacum_off.jpg?500}} \\

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