Unterschiede

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--- rosa_centifolia [2016/07/07 21:39] – andreas
+++ rosa_centifolia [2021/10/23 15:06] – andreas
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-Rosa × centifolia - Rosaceae - provence rose, rose de Mai, cabbage rose, **Provence-Rose**, Zentifolie, Kohl-Rose
+Rosa × centifolia - Rosaceae - provence rose, Rose de Mai, cabbage rose, **Provence-Rose**, Zentifolie, Kohl-Rose
 Old hybrid rose developed by Dutch rose breeders in 16th and 17th century; flowers globular, petals numerous, pink, white or dark red, highly scented; cultivated in Egypt, France (Provence: Grass) and Morocco.
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 Pentane/dichloromethane extracts of Rosa x centifolia petals showed phenylethanol as the main component (56-86%), followed by hydrocarbons (8.5-23.5%). Other components were benzyl alcohol (0.8-4.9%), nerol (1.0-4.9%), geraniol (0.7-13.6%), geranyl acetate (0.2-1.6%), benzyl benzoate (0.1-0.7%), octanal (0.01-0.1%), and nonanal/cis-rose oxide (0.01-0.09%). "The composition of the four samples of R. × centifolia can be divided into two classes. Compared to roses 8 and 11, roses 9 and 10 were characterized by lower contents of nerol, geraniol, and geranyl acetate. The similarity of roses 9 and 10 is genetical: rose 10 (Old Pink Moss) was derived by a mossed mutation of rose 9 (R. centifolia). No other compounds stood out, and the differences among four R. centifolia cultivars and all other cultivars were of the same amplitude." \\
 [Characterization of 24 old garden roses from their volatile compositions., Antonelli, A., Fabbri, C., Giorgioni, M.E., Bazzocchi, R., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(11), 1997, 4435-4439]
+| {{:phenylethanol.jpg| 2-phenylethanol}} \\ 2-phenylethanol| {{:benzyl_alcohol.png| benzyl alcohol}} \\ benzyl alcohol | {{geraniol.jpg| geraniol }} \\ geraniol|{{nerol.png| nerol }} \\ nerol| {{:geranylacetate.jpg|geranyl acetate}} \\ geranyl acetate| {{:linalool.jpg|linalool}} \\ linalool |
 R.centifolia flower absolute (CAS 84604-12-6) is made from concrete oil (petrol ether extract of the rose petals) by dissolving in a minimum volume of absolute alcohol to remove the natural waxes and then distill the alcohol off (and finally bubbling nitrogen gas through the residue). \\
@@ Zeile 14: / Zeile 16: @@
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=1260556]]
-{{:rosa_centifolia_botg.jpg?600}} \\
+----
-Rosa × centifolia ‚Muscosa‘, [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moosrose|Moosrose]]
+Rosa × centifolia ‚Muscosa‘ (Rosa ×centifolia forma muscosa; **Moosrose**)
+"Parsley-like curled, green leaf outgrowths and the oil glands make the calyx and flower stalks look like moss. This moss - especially the bud that opens up - is what makes this rose so attractive. The resin, which is sticky to the touch, smells very spicy when the leaves and stems are rubbed between the fingers."
+[[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moosrose]]
+| {{:phenylethanol.jpg| 2-phenylethanol}} \\ 2-phenylethanol| {{citronellol.jpg| citronellol }} \\ citronellol| {{:phenylethylacetate.jpg|2-phenylethyl acetate}} \\ 2-phenylethyl acetate| {{:myrcene.jpg|myrcene}} \\ myrcene|
+Main components of the headspace of Rosa muscosa purpurea flowers collected on Tenax were phenylethanol (29.9%), geraniol (20.6%), citronellol (16.3%),  and phenylethyl acetate (7.1%) and that way not very different from [[rosa_rugosa_thunb|Rosa rugosa]]. "The presence of myrcene (6.6%) accounts for a more balsamic, resinous smell." \\
+[Flament, I., C. Debonneville, and A. Furrer. „Volatile constituents of roses: characterization of cultivars based on the headspace analysis of living flower emissions.“ chapter in: Volatile compounds from Flowers, Teranishi, R.;Buttery, R. G.;Sugisawa, H. Bioactive volatile compounds from plants. (Book) 1993, 269-281]
+Moss roses are old garden roses which flower pedicel and calyx are covered with a green to brown mossy growth. Historically, the first moss roses to be obtained were not sported from R. × centifolia (cabbage rose). \\
+"Chemical analysis of the scent of R. × centifolia ‘muscosa’ and R. × damascena ‘Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux’ revealed similar composition of VOCs in the petals and some slight differences in the sepals... In petals of R. × centifolia ‘muscosa’, benzenoids (mostly 2-phenylethanol) made up nearly 60 % of the volatile compounds, as in R. × damascena ‘Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux’. Other chemicals were geraniol, nerol, citronellol and their derivatives. Fatty acid derivatives (mostly nonadecane) were also present in both cultivars. In sepals, a noticeable difference was the presence of some specific sesquiterpenes in R. × centifolia ‘muscosa’ (β-farnesene, for example)." \\
+In Rosa × centifolia ‘muscosa’, the mossy leaves and sepals also had the VOC composition of its parent except that fatty acid derivatives (cis-3-hexenol, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2-hexenol and hexanal) were replaced by an increased quantity of monoterpenes, especially myrcene. \\
+[Caissard, Jean-Claude, et al. "Chemical and histochemical analysis of ‘Quatre Saisons Blanc Mousseux’, a moss rose of the Rosa× damascena group." Annals of botany 97.2 (2005): 231-238] [[https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/97/2/231/205860/Chemical-and-Histochem]]
+{{:dsc05661k.jpg}} \\
+Rosa × centifolia ‚Muscosa‘, [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Andreas Kraska