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--- leptospermum_scoparium_j.r.forst._g.forst [2016/02/12 11:38]
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+++ leptospermum_scoparium_j.r.forst._g.forst [2016/02/16 19:47]
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@@ Zeile 7: / Zeile 7: @@
 [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospermum_scoparium]]
-**Manuka oil** is the essential oil produced by steam distillation of the leaves (with twigs). Major components of commercial New Zealand essential oils are triketones (flavesone 4%, iso-leptospermone 4%, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospermone|leptospermone]] 15%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (≥60%), including [[http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C72937554|calamenene]] (14%), α-cubebene (4%), α-copaene (5%), [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1054621.html|δ-cadinene]] (6%), cadina-1,4-diene (5%) and cadina-3,5-diene (4%), δ-amorphene (3%), aromadendrene (2%) and β-caryophyllene (2%). \\
+{{:leptospermum_ketone.jpg|}} \\
+leptospermum triketones (flavesone R=2-propyl; leptospermon R=2-methylprop-1-yl; isoleptospermone R=2-butyl)
+**Manuka oil** is the essential oil produced by steam distillation of the leaves (with twigs). Major components of commercial New Zealand essential oils are triketones (flavesone 4%, iso-leptospermone 4%, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospermone|leptospermone]] 15%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (≥60%), including [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1384491.html|calamenene]] (14%), α-cubebene (4%), α-copaene (5%), [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1054621.html|δ-cadinene]] (6%), cadina-1,4-diene (5%) and cadina-3,5-diene (4%), δ-amorphene (3%), aromadendrene (2%) and β-caryophyllene (2%). \\
 [Chemical, physical and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of //Leptospermum scoparium// and //Kunzea ericoides//. Porter, N. G., & Wilkins, A. L., Phytochemistry, Vol.50(3), 1999, 407-415]
+|{{:calamenene.jpg| calamenene}} \\ calamenene \\ //(herbal)//| {{:cadinene_delta.jpg| δ-cadinene}} \\ δ-cadinene \\ //(herbal-thyme)//| {{:cadinadiene_14.jpg| cadina-1,4-diene}} \\ cadina-1,4-diene \\ //(spicy-fruity)// | {{:copaene_alpha.jpg| α-copaene}} \\ α-copaene \\ //(woody)//|
 Among five tea tree oils (Australian tea tree, cajupute, niaouli, kanuka and manuka), manuka oil showed highest effectiveness against gram-positive bacteria and dermatophytes, but was ineffective against Candida albicans and moulds. It tourned out that the β-triketone complex (flavesone, iso-leptospermone, and leptospermone) is the active principle. \\

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