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iris_pallida_lam [2015/02/01 02:26] andreas |
iris_pallida_lam [2019/01/14 14:13] andreas |
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Perennial native to the Dalmatian coast (Croatia), widely naturalized; | Perennial native to the Dalmatian coast (Croatia), widely naturalized; | ||
- | Orris root oil or "orris butter", | + | "Iris pallida is considered to be one of the parents of I. germanica, to which it contributed blue pigment (delphinin) as well as the recessive white allele responsible for white-flowered forms. It also contributed the recessive distribution-pattern allele that limits the blue pigment to veins and to stipples or larger dots along the margins of the petals and sepals, the plicata pattern so popular in the garden today." |
+ | [[http:// | ||
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+ | Two main varieties of iris are used in perfumery, Iris pallida and [[iris_germanica_l|Iris germanica]]. As the quantity of irones determines the value of the extract, Iris pallida from Italy with 0.4 g of pure irones per kg of dry rhizomes ist still the reference. Global production of iris rhizomes is estimated to be about 300t (approximate quantities Italy 25-30t, France 40t, Morocco 80-100t, China 100t, Balkans 50t mainly Macedonia). 100kg of rhizome powder gives roughly 200g of butter (essential oil) which gives 40g of absolute (world market of orris absolute is around 50kg). \\ | ||
+ | [Biolandes 2017] [[https:// | ||
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+ | "The racemates of all irone isomers ([[http:// | ||
+ | Regarding industrially-produced orris oil of I.pallida, (-)-cis-α-irone (61.5%), (-)-cis-γ-irone (37.6%), (+)-trans-α-irone (0.9%), and β-irone (0.7%) were found. \\ | ||
+ | [Direct enantioselective separation and olfactory evaluation of all irone isomers., Galfré, A., Martin, P., Petrzilka, M., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 5(3), 1993, 265-277] | ||
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+ | "We also had in our hands all ten pure stereoisomers of irones. Only (-)-cis-α-irone (2S,6R) and (-)-trans-γ-irone (2S,6S) were found to possess the delicate and characteristic scent of orris butter, though the other irone samples were also described to smell pleasant of violet and woody notes." | ||
+ | [Abate, A., Brenna E., Fugant C., Gatti, FG, Serra S. "Odor and (Bio)diversity: | ||
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+ | Orris root oil or "orris butter", | ||
[Scent and Chemistry, Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, | [Scent and Chemistry, Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, | ||
- | {{http:// | + | {{:iris_pallida.jpg?600}} \\ |
- | Köhler, F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol. 2: t. 922 (1890) \\ | + | Köhler, F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol.2, t.922 (1890) \\ |
- | [[http://www.plantillustrations.org/ | + | [[http://plantgenera.org/ |
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+ | Iris pallida Lam. © Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste \\ | ||
+ | Comune di Trieste, centro città, Civico Orto Botanico, TS, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italia, 08/05/2013 \\ | ||
+ | picture by Andrea Moro [[https:// | ||
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+ | VIDEO: [[https:// |