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gardenia_jasminoides_j.ellis [2014/10/30 17:02] andreas |
gardenia_jasminoides_j.ellis [2018/04/14 11:25] andreas |
Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis - Rubiaceae - 栀子 zhi zi (chin.), common gardenia, cape jasmine, **Gardenie**, Knopflochblume | Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis - Rubiaceae - 栀子 zhi zi (chin.), common gardenia, cape jasmine, **Gardenie**, Knopflochblume |
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Evergreen shrub, up to 3m tall, native to Cina, Vietnam, Taiwan and Japan; flowers white to pale yellow. \\ | Evergreen shrub, up to 3m tall, native to China, Vietnam, Taiwan and Japan; flowers white to pale yellow. \\ |
var. fortuneana: corolla doubled; flowers sterile, plants not setting fruit; cultivated plants. \\ | var. fortuneana: corolla doubled; flowers sterile, plants not setting fruit; cultivated plants. \\ |
var. jasminoides: corolla simple; flowers fertile, plants setting fruit; wild and occasionally cultivated plants. \\ | var. jasminoides: corolla simple; flowers fertile, plants setting fruit; wild and occasionally cultivated plants. \\ |
"With its shiny green leaves and heavily fragrant white summer flowers, it is widely used in gardens in warm temperate and subtropical climates, and as a houseplant in temperate regions." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardenia_jasminoides]] | "With its shiny green leaves and heavily fragrant white summer flowers, it is widely used in gardens in warm temperate and subtropical climates, and as a houseplant in temperate regions." [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardenia_jasminoides]] |
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"The absolute of Gardenia jasminoides (“Jasmine rose” Rubiaceae) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. More than 200 compounds could be detected of which more than 100 were identified. The olfactorially valuable compounds found with a concentration higher than 1% were: linalool (2.14%), benzyl phenylacetate (1.73%), methyl phenylacetate (1.47%), phenylacetic acid (1.38%), 1-phenylethyl acetate (1.22%), myristic acid (1.22%), benzyl benzoate (1.19%), geranyl acetone (1.17%), (Z)-3-hexenoic acid (1.14%), 2-methyl butyric acid (1.14%), benzyl acetate (1.13%), valeric acid (1.08%), p-cresyl acetate (1.04%), ethyl phenylacetate (1.04%), 2-phenyl ethylacetate (1.04%), methyl anthranilate (1.03%), (Z)-4-heptenol (1.02%) and valeraldehyde (1.02%)." [Volatiles of the Absolute of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), Gerhard Buchbauer , Leopold Jirovetz , Alexej Nikiforov , Vijay K. Kaul and Norbert Winker, Journal of Essential Oil Research, Vol.8(3), 1996, 241- 245] | "The gardenia absolute was separated into basic, phenolic, acidic, lactonic and neutral fractions and analysed by using GC, combined GC-MS, IR and NMR. A total of 130 components was identified... interesting constituents contributing to the characteristic floral sweet-green odor of this flower were lilac aldehydes, lilac alcohols, cis-3-hexenol and its esters, esters of cis-3-hexenoic acid, esters of tiglic acid and [[http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1023991.html|jasmine lactone]]. |
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| [Chemical composition of the absolute from gardenia flower., Hattori, R., Muraki, S., Yoshida, T., Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Vol.42(7), 1978, 1351-1356] |
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Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of flowers from Niger delta contained mainly α-Farnesene (28%), linalool (22%), trans-β-Ocimene (10%), α-Terpineol (9%), guaiol (5%), cis-3-hexenyl tiglat (5%), bulnesol (5%), tetracosane (5%), cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (4%) and methyl tiglat (2%). [Composition of Essential Oil of Nigerian (Niger Delta) Grown Gardenia Jasminoide Flower. Gloria Ukalina Obuzor, Matthew Ifechukwude Nwaokolo, International Archive of Applied Sciences and Technology, Vol 1 [2] December 2010: 32 - 36] [[http://soeagra.com/iaast/vol2/5.pdf]] | Of the more than 200 compounds found in the absolute, more than 100 could be identified by GC/MS. Olfactorially valuable compounds found with a concentration higher than 1% were: linalool (2.1%), benzyl phenylacetate (1.7%), methyl phenylacetate (1.4%), phenylacetic acid (1.3%), 1-phenylethyl acetate (1.2%), myristic acid (1.2%), benzyl benzoate (1.1%), geranyl acetone (1.1%), (Z)-3-hexenoic acid (1.1%), 2-methyl butyric acid (1.1%), benzyl acetate (1.1%), valeric acid (1.0%), p-cresyl acetate (1.0%), ethyl phenylacetate (1.0%), 2-phenyl ethylacetate (1.0%), methyl anthranilate (1.0%), (Z)-4-heptenol (1.0%) and valeraldehyde (1.0%). \\ |
| [Volatiles of the Absolute of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), Gerhard Buchbauer , Leopold Jirovetz , Alexej Nikiforov , Vijay K. Kaul and Norbert Winker, Journal of Essential Oil Research, Vol.8(3), 1996, 241- 245] |
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{{http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gardenia_jasminoides_Blanco1.154.png/640px-Gardenia_jasminoides_Blanco1.154.png}} | Regarding enantiomeric ratios of volatiles from Gardenia jasminoides flowers, their headspace contained (R)-(-)-linalool (16,1%; 97.9%ee), (S)-(-)-γ-hexalactone (0.3%; 96.3%ee), (E)-(+)-nerolidol (0.1%; 92.9%ee), (R)-(+)-γ-decalactone (0.1%; 95.0%ee), and (S)-(+)-δ-jasmine lactone (5.4%; 99.0%ee). \\ |
| [Analysis of enantiomeric ratios of aroma components in several flowers using a Chiramix column., Tamogami, S., Awano, K.I., Amaike, M., Takagi, Y., Kitahara, T., Flavour and fragrance journal, 19(1), 1-5, 2004] |
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| Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of flowers from Niger delta contained mainly α-farnesene (28%), linalool (22%), (E)-β-ocimene (10%), α-terpineol (9%), guaiol (5%), (Z)-3-hexenyl tiglat (5%), bulnesol (5%), tetracosane (5%), (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate (4%) and methyl tiglat (2%). \\ |
| [Composition of Essential Oil of Nigerian (Niger Delta) Grown Gardenia Jasminoide Flower. Gloria Ukalina Obuzor, Matthew Ifechukwude Nwaokolo, International Archive of Applied Sciences and Technology, Vol 1 [2] December 2010: 32 - 36] [[http://soeagra.com/iaast/vol2/5.pdf]] |
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| An absolute from enfleurage of Gardenia jasminoides flowers (pale liquid with fresh gardenia odor) contained (Z)-β-ocimene, indole, (Z)-3-hexenyl tiglate, (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate, and (E)-9-octadecene. \\ |
| [Volatile profile and sensory property of Gardenia jasminoides aroma extracts., Kanlayavattanakul, M., Lourith, N., Journal of cosmetic science, 66(6), 2014, 371-377] |
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| {{:gardenia_jasminoides.jpg?500}} \\ |
| var.fortuneana as Gardenia radicans Thunb., Botanical Register, vol.1 t.73 (1815) [S.Edwards] \\ |
| [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=453475]] |
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| {{:gardenia_jasminoides_simple.jpg?700}}\\ |
| Gardenia jasminoides var.jasminoides |
| [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Alpsdake [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gardenia_jasminoides_flower_and_bud.JPG#/media/File:Gardenia_jasminoides_flower_and_bud.JPG|Wikimedia Commons]] |