Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.
Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung Beide Seiten der Revision | ||
carica_papaya_l [2014/09/24 13:22] andreas |
carica_papaya_l [2018/07/10 11:05] andreas |
||
---|---|---|---|
Zeile 1: | Zeile 1: | ||
Carica papaya L. - Caricaceae - papaya, melon tree, **Papaya** | Carica papaya L. - Caricaceae - papaya, melon tree, **Papaya** | ||
- | Evergreen tree-like plant, up to 6m tall, native to tropical South America, cultivated elsewhere; leaves arranged like a tuft at the top of the stem, large, long-petioled, | + | Evergreen tree-like plant, up to 6m tall, native to tropical South America, cultivated elsewhere; leaves arranged like a tuft at the top of the stem, large, long-petioled, |
There are male, female, and hermaphrodite papaya plants. These forms are expressed in the plant’s flower. \\ | There are male, female, and hermaphrodite papaya plants. These forms are expressed in the plant’s flower. \\ | ||
[[http:// | [[http:// | ||
- | The ripe fruit flesh of the papaya is usually eaten raw. \\ | + | Esters were the most abundant compounds of the aroma volatiles from fresh papaya |
+ | [Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L.) with particular reference to glucosinolate products., MacLeod, A.J., Pieris, N.M., Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol.31(5), 1983, 1005-1008] | ||
+ | |||
+ | " | ||
+ | [Benzyl isothiocyanate is the chief or sole anthelmintic in papaya seed extracts., Kermanshai, R., McCarry, B.E., Rosenfeld, J., Summers, P.S., Weretilnyk, E.A., Sorger, G.J., Phytochemistry, | ||
Methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 1-butanol were found to be the major volatile components of fresh papaya fruit. The esters of lower fatty acids were considered to contribute much to the typical papaya flavour. \\ | Methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 1-butanol were found to be the major volatile components of fresh papaya fruit. The esters of lower fatty acids were considered to contribute much to the typical papaya flavour. \\ | ||
[Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L., Maradol variety) fruit. Pino, J. A., Almora, K., Marbot, R., Flavour and fragrance journal, Vol.18(6), 2003, 492-496] | [Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L., Maradol variety) fruit. Pino, J. A., Almora, K., Marbot, R., Flavour and fragrance journal, Vol.18(6), 2003, 492-496] | ||
- | "Many plants contain latex that exudes when leaves are damaged, and a number of proteins and enzymes have been found in it. The roles of those latex proteins and enzymes are as yet poorly understood. We found that papain, a cysteine protease in latex of the Papaya tree (Carica papaya, Caricaceae), | + | Aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) and odour activity value (OAV) determination were applied to estimate the most odour-active volatile compounds from papaya fruit cv. Red Maradol. Overall, esters were the dominant class of constituents in papay cv.Red Maradol. 3-Methylbutanal (0.4mg/kg), methyl butanoate (2.3mg/kg), 3-methylbutan-1-ol (0.8mg/kg), ethyl butanoate (0.8mg/kg), methyl hexanoate (0.3mg/kg), limonene (0.3mg/kg), benzyl isothiocyanate (0.2mg/kg) and some fatty acids and their correspondend esters like dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, ethyl tetradecanoate, |
+ | [Odour-active compounds in papaya fruit cv. Red Maradol., Pino, J.A., Food chemistry, Vol.146, 2014, 120-126] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | Raw papain (Papainum crudum) is the dried and cleansed latex of C.papaya. The enzyme mixture produced from raw papain is also called papain and contains [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | The mustard oil liberated enzymatically on maceration of the fruit seeds in water or an organic solvent, is benzyl isothiocyanate (0.2-0.5%). Benzyl thiourea was found only in traces (0.03%) or is formed from benzyl isothiocyanate when ammonia is present during extraction. \\ | ||
+ | [The mustard oil of papaya seed., Ettlinger, M.G., Hodgkins, J.E., The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 21(2), 1956, 204-205] | ||
+ | |||
+ | All the green parts (especially the leaves) and the seeds of papaya contain the (bitter) alkaloid [[https:// | ||
+ | [Carpaine: An alkaloid of Carica papaya-its chemistry and pharmacology., | ||
+ | |||
+ | "Many plants contain latex that exudes when leaves are damaged, and a number of proteins and enzymes have been found in it. The roles of those latex proteins and enzymes are as yet poorly understood. We found that papain, a cysteine protease in latex of the Papaya tree (Carica papaya, Caricaceae), | ||
+ | [Papain protects papaya trees from herbivorous insects: role of cysteine proteases in latex. Konno, K., Hirayama, C., Nakamura, M., Tateishi, K., Tamura, Y., Hattori, M. and Kohno, K., The Plant Journal, Vol.37, 2004, 370-378] | ||
- | Raw papain (Papainum crudum) is the dried and cleansed latex of C.papaya. The enzym mixture produced from raw papain is also called papain and contains [[http:// | ||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Köhler, F.E., Medizinal Pflanzen, vol. 3: t. 34 (1890) \\ | ||
+ | [[http:// | ||
- | {{http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Carica_papaya_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-029.jpg}} | + | {{: |
+ | Carica papaya, [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/|CC BY-SA 3.0]], Author: Andreas Kraska |