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averrhoa_carambola_l [2017/01/22 10:00]
andreas |
averrhoa_carambola_l [2017/02/11 20:51]
andreas |
| [Morton, Julia Frances. Fruits of warm climates. JF Morton, 1987, 125-128] [[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/carambola.html]] | [Morton, Julia Frances. Fruits of warm climates. JF Morton, 1987, 125-128] [[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/carambola.html]] |
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| An aroma extract prepared from stored fruits was described as sweet, estery and fruity (peach/apricot/plum-like). Quantitatively, the most abundant components were hydrocarbons like tricose-1-ene (21.4%) and pentacose-1-ene (10.3%) and acids like linoleic acid (15.5%) and palmitic acid (12.3%). 57 esters accounted for 9.0%, providing fruiy shades. methyl N-methyl anthranilate (2.4%), methyl anthranilate (0.7%), and ethyl N-methyl anthranilate (0.2%) provide grape-like notes. As the odor of starfruit is described as peach/apricot/plum-like, γ-lactones (peach-like, C10 0.4%, C11 0.05%, C12 1.8%) and δ-lactones (apricot-like, C11 trace, C12 0.07%, C13 1.5%) are sensory important. Very potent odorants are carotenoid degradation products, a number of them were identified: geranyl acetone (0.3%), β-ionone (0.8%), β-damascenone (0.02%), (E)- and (Z)-dehydro-β-ionone (0.1%, trace), β-ionol (0.9%), and 4-hydroxy-β-iononl (0.05%), as well as some interesting megastigma-4,6,8-trienes (rose-raspberry?, E,E 0.3%, E,Z 0.2%, Z,E 0.9%, Z,Z 0.07%) and oxo-derivatives like megastigma-5,8(E)-dien-4-one (0.3%) and megastigma-5,8(Z)-dien-4-one (0.1%). \\ | An aroma extract prepared from stored fruits was described as sweet, estery and fruity (peach/apricot/plum-like). Quantitatively, the most abundant components were hydrocarbons like tricose-1-ene (21.4%) and pentacose-1-ene (10.3%) and acids like linoleic acid (15.5%) and palmitic acid (12.3%). 57 esters accounted for 9.0%, providing fruiy shades. Methyl N-methyl anthranilate (2.4%), methyl anthranilate (0.7%), and ethyl N-methyl anthranilate (0.2%) provide grape-like notes. As the odor of starfruit is described as peach/apricot/plum-like, γ-lactones (peach-like, C10 0.4%, C11 0.05%, C12 1.8%) and δ-lactones (apricot-like, C11 trace, C12 0.07%, C13 1.5%) are sensory important. Very potent odorants are carotenoid degradation products, a number of them were identified: geranyl acetone (0.3%), β-ionone (0.8%), β-damascenone (0.02%), (E)- and (Z)-dehydro-β-ionone (0.1%, trace), β-ionol (0.9%), and 4-hydroxy-β-iononl (0.05%), as well as some interesting megastigma-4,6,8-trienes (rose-raspberry?, E,E 0.3%, E,Z 0.2%, Z,E 0.9%, Z,Z 0.07%) and oxo-derivatives like megastigma-5,8(E)-dien-4-one (0.3%) and megastigma-5,8(Z)-dien-4-one (0.1%). \\ |
| [Volatile components of starfruit., MacLeod, G., Ames, J.M., Phytochemistry, 29(1), 1990, 165-172] | [Volatile components of starfruit., MacLeod, G., Ames, J.M., Phytochemistry, 29(1), 1990, 165-172] |
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| [Ray, P.K. (2002), Breeding tropical and subtropical fruits, New Delhi: Narosa Pub. Pub. House, 307-309] | [Ray, P.K. (2002), Breeding tropical and subtropical fruits, New Delhi: Narosa Pub. Pub. House, 307-309] |
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| | Caramboxin, a phenylalanine derivative, has been found responsible for star fruit intoxication, which starts with hiccups (93% of the patients). Patients suffering from chronic kidney disease are frequently intoxicated after ingesting star fruit. "Functionsl experiments in vivo and in vitro point towards the glutamatergic ionotropic molecular actions of caramboxin, which explains its convulsant and neurodegenerative properties." \\ |
| | [Garcia‐Cairasco, N., Moyses‐Neto, M., Del Vecchio, F., Oliveira, J. A., dos Santos, F. L., Castro, O. W., ... & Dagostin, A. L. (2013). Elucidating the neurotoxicity of the star fruit. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 52(49), 13067-13070] \\ |
| | [Neto, M. M., da Costa, J. A. C., Garcia‐Cairasco, N., Netto, J. C., Nakagawa, B., & Dantas, M. (2003). Intoxication by star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in 32 uraemic patients: treatment and outcome. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 18(1), 120-125] [[https://academic.oup.com/ndt/article/18/1/120/1809123/Intoxication-by-star-fruit-Averrhoa-carambola-in]] |
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| {{:avarrhoa_carambola.jpg?600}} \\ | {{:avarrhoa_carambola.jpg?600}} \\ |
